JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES
AND THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS CHRIST
by
WALTER MARTIN
Jehovah's Witnesses and their official organization, the Watchtower Bible and
Tract Society, have historically denied the bodily resurrection of Jesus
Christ and have maintained that His was a "spirit" or "spiritual"
resurrection to quote the Watchtower.
"The King, Christ Jesus, was put to death in the flesh and was resurrected
an invisible spirit creature."1
Further developing their teaching, the Witnesses proclaim: "In His
resurrection He was no more human. He was raised as a spirit creature."2
In addition to this, the Watchtower has even suggested that Christ's body was
"dissolved into gases" or "preserved somewhere as the grand memorial of God's
love."3
IN order to understand the true teaching of the resurrection, it is necessary
to review briefly the Biblical position, which is at considerable odds with
the Watchtower.
The resurrection of Jesus Christ is quite literally the historical bedrock
upon which the Christian faith rests. The Apostle Paul indeed tells us that
"if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching in vain, and your faith is
also vain" (1 Corinthians 15:14). He also declares, "If Christ be not raised,
your faith is vain, ye are yet in your sins" (verse 17).
From these two statements in the Word of God, we can see the resurrection of
our Lord determines the validity of our faith and even our salvation, for
without His resurrection our faith is "vain" and we are "yet in our sins."
In this connection, it must also be remembered that every verse in the Bible
which deals with the resurrection of the dead, and the Lord particularly,
refers exclusively to the human body; i.e., a bodily resuscitation; never a
spirit or spiritual resurrection. In fact the word "resurrection" is never
applied to the soul or spirit of man. This fact is born out in the original
Hebrew and Greek. Beyond this, our Lord specifically prophesied that His
resurrection would be bodily; that is, in a glorified form of the body He
then possessed. When speaking to the unbelieving Jews, as recorded in the
second chapter of John's Gospel, Christ stated "Destroy this temple, and inn
three days I will raise it up" (verse 19).
The Jews, however, thought he was referring to the temple in Jerusalem but
the Apostle John clearly declares our Lord's meaning: "But he spake of the
temple of his body" (verse 21).
The Greek word soma is translated "body" throughout the New Testament, so it
is an inescapable fact that Christ was referring to his own physical form -
hence a bodily resurrection.
Two classic New Testament references which corroborate our Lord's prophecy
of His bodily resurrection are in the 20th chapter of John and 24th chapter
of Luke. In John 20 when our Lord appeared to the doubting Thomas, the same
body in which He died upon the cross is evidenced by His own words:
"Reach hither thy finger, and behold by hands, and reach hither thy hand, and
thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing" (verse 27).
In Luke 24, we again see how the words of Christ refute the spirit
resurrection idea of Jehovah's Witnesses.
"And as they thus spake, Jesus himself stood in the midst of them, and saith
unto them, Peace be unto you. But they were terrified and affrightened, and
supposed that they had seen a spirit. And he said unto them, Why are ye
troubled? and why do thoughts arise in your heart? Behold my hands and my
feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see, for a spirit hath not flesh
and bones, as ye see me have. And when he had thus spoken, he showed them
his hands and his feet. And while they yet believed not for joy, and
wondered, he said unto them, Have ye here any meat? And they gave him a piece
of broiled fish, and of an honeycomb. And he took it, and did eat before
them" (verses 36-43).
Not only, then, did our Lord have "flesh and bones," but he showed them the
same hands and feet which bore the wounds of Calvary (verses 39, 40). The
fact that He also ate broiled fish and a honeycomb (verse 42 and 43) proves
that He was not a "spirit creature" as Jehovah's Witnesses contend. Moreover
our Lord's words, "It is I myself...a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye
see me have" (verse 39) was uttered according to verse 37 and 38 because the
disciples thought He was a spirit. Jesus, however absolutely disproved that
by offering His body as tangible evidence (verse 39, 40).
Sometimes Jehovah's Witnesses attempt to explain away these appearances of
Christ by asserting that He had a "spiritual body" (1 Corinthians 15:44) or
that He merely assumed different bodies to encourage His disciples, which the
Witnesses say accounts for the fact that those who knew Him the best in life
did not recognize Him after His resurrection (John 20:11-16; Luke 24:15-30).
The Witnesses also argue that 1 Peter 3:18, which refers to Christ's
resurrection and states that He was "made alive in spirit" (literal Greek),
establishes their theory, but they are in error.
While it is true that Paul speaks of "a spiritual body" he nevertheless calls
it a "body" (Greek "soma") and we have already seen how Christ possessed
"flesh and bones" (Luke 24:39). A spiritual body then is not "a spirit" as
the Witnesses make our, but a glorified, immortal, physical form possessing
certain spiritual characteristics or attributes (i.e., the ability to pass
through locked doors or vanish at will. John 20:19, 26; Luke 24:31)
Again, Jehovah's Witnesses' idea that because Mary Magdalene and the
disciples could not recognize Christ on three occasions "proves" that He had
assumed "different bodies" other than the one in which He died upon the
cross, is disposed of by Luke 24:16. Luke there tells us that when the
disciples encountered Jesus their eyes were kept from recognizing Him as a
direct act of Christ's will. When He finished His conversation, He allowed
their sense of vision to perceive who He really was; thus "their eyes were
opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight" (verse 31).
Finally, 1 Peter 3:18, far from "proving" that Jesus was raised a spirit as
the Witnesses insist, only proves that He was raised in or by the Spirit of
God as the Apostle Paul tells us in Romans 8:11. The main objections, then,
that Jehovah's Witnesses raise against the bodily resurrection of our Lord
are all thoroughly answered by the Scriptures themselves and represent no
real threat to historic Christian doctrine of the resurrection.
The Bible, therefore, does have mush to say about the resurrection of Christ
as we have seen, and nowhere supports the spirit-resurrection theory of
Jehovah's Witnesses. In fact, all of it contradicts their teaching.
To the sincere, zealous, yet misled members of Jehovah's Witnesses, the
Christian church must repeat the statement of our Lord Himself: "Why are ye
troubled? and why do thoughts arise in your hearts? Behold my hands and my
feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh
and bones, as ye see me have" (Luke 24:38, 39).
The true teaching concerning the resurrection of Jesus Christ does indeed
determine a person's eternal destiny (1 Corinthians 15:14, 17). For "If you
will confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart
that God has raised him from among the dead, you will be saved" (Romans 10:9,
Literal Greek).
1. Let God Be True, Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, p. 122,
Edition 1946.
2. The Kingdom is at Hand, Watchtower Bible and Tract Society,
p. 258.
3. Studies in the Scripture, Watchtower Bible and Tract Society,
p. 129, Vol 2.
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